1. and 2.
Within all of the above force calculations, I incorrectly attempted to convert pounds to Newtons and ended up with lbs m/s^2 which still is not the correct units for Newtons. Within the professor's blog post, I missed the section in which he declared to US measurements. This means all of my calculations are off by a factor of 9.8. Dividing each of the above calculations by 9.8 gives the force on each member in pounds.
3.
The results I received from the hand analysis closely relate to that of the Truss Designer program. The values are slightly off due to the inability to define specific lengths of members along with angles within the Truss Designer program. I converted to the 20 pounds of weight to Newtons of force by simply using F=ma. F=20lbs(9.81m/s^2)~196N. Within the Designer, it only allows you to set in increments of 5N so I chose 195 being the floored value of 196.
5. and 6.
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